A Critical Review on Energy-Efficient Medium Access Control for Wireless and Mobile Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network (WSN) has garnered remarkable attention due to its wide supports for plenty of applications such as, health systems; military based applications, environmental monitoring, and tactical system. In ContentionBased Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols related to the energy consumption. In this paper, a combative review of energy consumption in Contention-Based MAC protocols was provided. Furthermore, a general comparison that stated the strengths and drawbacks with every utilized technique was offered. The main aim of this paper is to assist the researcher to choose the right protocol for developing purpose or further investigation regarding the performance

MDM of Hybrid Modes in Multimode Fiber

This paper reports on MDM of a combination ofhelical-phased modes comprising ring modes and HG modes.44Gbps data transmission is achieved by a wavelength divisionmultiplexing (WDM) - MDM system of two center-launchedhelical-phased ring modes and two 3μm radially offset HG modeon wavelengths 1550.12nm and 1551.72nm for a 1500m-longmultimode fiber. The power coupling coefficients, degeneratemode group delays and bit error rates are analyzed for differentHG modes and radial offsets

Channel Impulse Response Equalization based on Genetic Algorithm in Mode Division Multiplexing

This paper proposed to use genetic algorithm (GA) as an adaptive algorithm for mode division multiplexing (MDM) equalization in order to minimize the mean square error as well as to maximize the similarity between the ideal signal and the MDM distorted signal. A significant result has been obtained of implementing GA on MDM equalization compared to other conventional algorithm such as least mean square (LMS) which is used dominantly in current equalizations

Implementing a Secure Academic Grid System - A Malaysian Case

Computational grids have become very popular in the recent times due to their capabilities and flexibility in handling large computationally intensive jobs. When it comes to the implementation of practical grid systems, security plays a major role due to the confidentiality of the information handled and the nature of the resources employed. Also due to the complex nature of the grid operations, grid systems face unique security threats compared to other distributed systems. This paper describes how to implement a secure grid system with special emphasis on the steps to be followed in obtaining, implementing and testing PKI certificates

Social media for business: Knowledge gathering through focus group session with business owners

Despite its overwhelming popularity and widely recognized in business, studies on the trends and impact of social media in Malaysia, have yet to be widely recorded and published. As such, this study attempts to ascertain the usage of social media (SM) in business environment.Specifically, it aims to determine the trends and perceived impact of social media for business purposes in Malaysia.In order to accomplish this, the study follows four phases of methodology which are content analysis of current literature, focus group with Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) on perceptions of users on the use of social media for business purposes, data findings and conclusion.The target population in this study is social media users in Malaysia, company owners/ employers (top management level), managers, executives,and employees. Simple random sampling procedure is employed to get the sample for the survey

Locating bottleneck nodes on a large wired local area network

When certain nodes are heavily loaded with clients more than their capacity, slow connection in accessing network resources is a common complaint on such a computer network with switches as dominant network equipment.In this study, performance simulation model was developed and validated for a federal university in Malaysia.The effect of network parameters such as the processing time on throughput and utilization of the servers and switches on the network was investigated through simulations.In conclusion, results from the simulation model suggest some bottleneck nodes on the network

Measuring IPv6 performance in a newly deployed IPv6 campus network

The implementation of IPv6 in dual-stack environment at Universiti Utara Malaysia campus network has been done successfully but how it performs compared to IPv4 has yet to be measured.A study on the performance of IPv6 network has been done to measure this performance.The study employed a simple performance measurement/testing using ping to a number of IPv6 enabled web servers.The RTT of the ping packets for both IPv4 and IPv6 is compared to see the performance of IPv6 network compared to IPv4 in a dual-stack environment. The study has found that the IPv6 network performance is slightly worse than IPv4 due to some reasons.This paper discusses some of the findings

A critical review on energy-efficient medium access control for wireless and mobile sensor networks

Wireless sensor network (WSN) has garnered remarkable attention due to its wide supports for plenty of applications such as, health systems; military based applications, environmental monitoring, and tactical system. In Contention Based Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols related to the energy consumption. In this paper, a combative review of energy consumption in Contention-Based MAC protocols was provided. Furthermore, a general comparison that stated the strengths and drawbacks with every utilized technique was offered. The main aim of this paper is to assist the researcher to choose the right protocol for developing purpose or further investigation regarding the performance

Setting up Grid Site for Knowledge Grid Malaysia

Grid computing is a distributed system that breaks the workload into small self-contained units and then assigns them to geographically spread independent computers with the goal of achieving the best performance.The resource intensive scientific and engineering applications were the prime mover behind the development of grid computing systems as they require large amount of resources that cannot be met by a single computer.Grid systems are today being used for running many different types of applications including drug discovery, weather forecasting, economic forecasting, financial analysis, seismic analysis, and back office data processing for large scale e-commerce and web services.This report presents the work carried out for setting the Sintok-Grid, an extension of the Academic grid Malaysia to the Universiti Utara Malaysia. Setting up a grid site and connecting it to an existing one is not a straight forward task such as installing a server and connecting it to a communication link. It requires to go through several well planned steps including setting up of a right network environment with required security and access controls, the right computing architecture, communication facilities and required middle ware services. On top of carrying out these meticulously planned actions, it is necessary to decide the right Virtual Organization and be implemented. Thus comprehensive research was carried out in order to understand the requirements and technicalities of setting up of a suitable grid infrastructure.The researchers involved in this study underwent several training programmes and attended workshops conducted by leading researchers and practitioners in this field. These trainings and workshops provided them with valuable knowledge and hands-on experience in setting up a grid site bottom up.At the end of the research phase, the researchers developed a comprehensive implementation plan including environment, hardware, software and network designs. The implementation plan identified every step to be followed in detail.Once the detailed plan was ready, the Sintok-Grid was implemented and connected to the A-Grid Malaysia.During the design phase, several compromises had to be made due to financial constraints.These compromises include running two servers namely IS and SE in one server class computer and hosting the UI in a non-server class computer.But, the researchers were careful that these compromises would not affect the performance and quality of the grid implementation. Finally a comprehensive test was carried out on the operation and security of the grid system

Channel impulse response equalization based on genetic algorithm in mode division multiplexing

This paper proposed to use genetic algorithm (GA) as an adaptive algorithm for mode division multiplexing (MDM) equalization in order to minimize the mean square error as well as to maximize the similarity between the ideal signal and the MDM distorted signal. A significant result has been obtained of implementing GA on MDM equalization compared to other conventional algorithm such as least mean square (LMS) which is used dominantly in current equalizations